Which disease category is linked to stunting and small leaves due to root problems?

• A. Root rot and root parasitic nematodes
• B. Leaf rust
• C. Powdery mildew
• D. Anthracnose

Answer: (A)

Stunting and small leaves linked to root problems happen because the root system isn’t able to take up enough water and nutrients. Root rot pathogens and root-parasitic nematodes directly attack and damage roots, reducing their function. When roots can’t supply the plant with what it needs, growth slows and leaves stay smaller, even if the foliage above ground looks fine. The other diseases listed primarily affect above-ground parts—leaf rust and powdery mildew show symptoms on the leaves themselves, while anthracnose causes leaf spots and blights or fruit decay, not root-driven growth limitation. So the category that best explains stunting due to root problems is root rot and root parasitic nematodes.